Journal of Oral Tissue Engineering

ORIGINAL ARTICLE
 Bone Regeneration Using Dedifferentiated Fat Cells with PuraMatrixTM

 Naotaka KISHIMOTO1,4, Yoshihiro MOMOTA1,4, Ryoichi MORI2, Yoshiya HASHIMOTO3, Koichi IMAI3, Takeshi OMASA4 and Junichiro KOTANI1

 1Department of Anesthesiology, 2Department of Pharmacology, 3Department of Biomaterials, Osaka Dental University, Osaka, Japan, 4Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan

J Oral Tissue Engin 2008;6(2): 127-134
Full Text. DOI https://doi.org/10.11223/jarde.6.127
SYNOPSIS
Dedifferentiated fat cells (DFATs) possess osteogenic potential making them a promising cell source for bone regeneration. PuraMatrixTM (PM), a self-assembling peptide scaffold, produces a nanoscale environment for cells. We examined radiologically the osteogenic potential and application of DFATs with PM for bone regeneration in rabbit calvarial defect models.
DFATs were obtained from ceiling culture, and subsequently cultured in normal media (NM) or osteogenic media (OM). Their in vitro osteogenic differentiation potential was assessed using alizarin red staining, and by measuring osteocalcin expression and calcium concentration. Eighteen 6-mm calvarial defects were randomly treated in vivo with osteo-induced DFATs + PM, DFATs + PM, and PM scaffold, or no treatment. After 8 weeks, calvaria were harvested and the degree of healing between treatment groups was radiologically compared.
Osteocalcin expression in OM significantly increased at 7 and 14 days, as well as calcium concentration at 21 days. There was no difference in healing among the four groups radiologically.
Rabbit DFATs efficiently differentiate into osteoblasts when cultured in OM. To demonstrate DFAT usefulness in vivo, progressively more sophisticated animal models must be developed.

Key words: Dedifferentiated fat cells, PuraMatrixTM, calvarial defect, bone